Shell脚本中执行sql语句,操作mysql数据库

发布时间:2017-09-14 18:11:41 阅读:1141次

http://blog.csdn.net/u011630575/article/details/50986835

对于自动化运维,诸如备份恢复之类的,DBA经常需要将SQL语句封装到shell脚本。本文描述了在Linux环境下mysql数据库中,shell脚本下调用sql语句的几种方法,供大家参考。对于脚本输出的结果美化,需要进一步完善和调整。以下为具体的示例及其方法。

个人认为最好的方式:(在shell脚本以EOF开始,以EOF结束。)

唯一不好的地方是EOF开始,EOF结束的中间不能嵌套shell脚本的其他语句,只能是mysql的语法。)

[java] view plain copy
#!/bin/bash  
  
mysql -uroot -proot <<EOF   (EOF 是mysql开始的符号)  
  
show databases;  
  
use test;  
  
  
insert into teacher(id,name) value(1,"wl");  
  
insert into student(id,name) values(1,"renyuz");  
EOF  (EOF 是mysql开始的符号)  
  
  
mysql -uroot -proot <<EOF  
  
use test;  
insert into student(id,name)  values(22,"jhjjyu");  
  
EOF   (EOF 是mysql开始的符号)  
  
echo "hell world !!"(shell脚本的语法)  

下面列出了其他几种方法,上面的方法是方法4.


1、将SQL语句直接嵌入到shell脚本文件中

--演示环境

[root@SZDB ~]# more /etc/issue

CentOS release 5.9 (Final)

Kernel \r on an \m

  

root@localhost[(none)]> show variables like 'version';

+---------------+------------+

| Variable_name | Value      |

+---------------+------------+

| version       | 5.6.12-log |

+---------------+------------+

  




[root@SZDB ~]# more shell_call_sql1.sh 

#!/bin/bash

# Define log

TIMESTAMP=`date +%Y%m%d%H%M%S`

LOG=call_sql_${TIMESTAMP}.log

echo "Start execute sql statement at `date`." >>${LOG}

# execute sql stat

mysql -uroot -p123456 -e "

tee /tmp/temp.log

drop database if exists tempdb;

create database tempdb;

use tempdb

create table if not exists tb_tmp(id smallint,val varchar(20));

insert into tb_tmp values (1,'jack'),(2,'robin'),(3,'mark');

select * from tb_tmp;

notee

quit"

  

echo -e "\n">>${LOG}

echo "below is output result.">>${LOG}

cat /tmp/temp.log>>${LOG}

echo "script executed successful.">>${LOG}

exit;

  

[root@SZDB ~]# ./shell_call_sql1.sh 

Logging to file '/tmp/temp.log'

+------+-------+

| id   | val   |

+------+-------+

|    1 | jack  |

|    2 | robin |

|    3 | mark  |

+------+-------+

Outfile disabled.

--Author : Leshami

--Blog   : http://blog.csdn.net/leshami


相关命令参考:http://blog.csdn.net/u011630575/article/details/52143264



2、命令行调用单独的SQL文件

[root@SZDB ~]# more temp.sql 

tee /tmp/temp.log

drop database if exists tempdb;

create database tempdb;

use tempdb

create table if not exists tb_tmp(id smallint,val varchar(20));

insert into tb_tmp values (1,'jack'),(2,'robin'),(3,'mark');

select * from tb_tmp;

notee

  

[root@SZDB ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -e "source /root/temp.sql"

Logging to file '/tmp/temp.log'

+------+-------+

| id   | val   |

+------+-------+

|    1 | jack  |

|    2 | robin |

|    3 | mark  |

+------+-------+

Outfile disabled.


3、使用管道符调用SQL文件

[root@SZDB ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 </root/temp.sql

Logging to file '/tmp/temp.log'

id      val

1       jack

2       robin

3       mark

Outfile disabled.

#使用管道符调用SQL文件以及输出日志

[root@SZDB ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 </root/temp.sql >/tmp/temp.log

[root@SZDB ~]# more /tmp/temp.log

Logging to file '/tmp/temp.log'

id      val

1       jack

2       robin

3       mark

Outfile disabled.


4、shell脚本中MySQL提示符下调用SQL

[root@SZDB ~]# more shell_call_sql2.sh

#!/bin/bash

mysql -uroot -p123456 <<EOF

source /root/temp.sql;

select current_date();

delete from tempdb.tb_tmp where id=3;

select * from tempdb.tb_tmp where id=2;

EOF

exit;

[root@SZDB ~]# ./shell_call_sql2.sh

Logging to file '/tmp/temp.log'

id      val

1       jack

2       robin

3       mark

Outfile disabled.

current_date()

2014-10-14

id      val

2       robin

5、shell脚本中变量输入与输出

[root@SZDB ~]# more shell_call_sql3.sh

#!/bin/bash

cmd="select count(*) from tempdb.tb_tmp"

cnt=$(mysql -uroot -p123456 -s -e "${cmd}")

echo "Current count is : ${cnt}"

exit 




[root@SZDB ~]# ./shell_call_sql3.sh 

Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.

Current count is : 3

[root@SZDB ~]# echo "select count(*) from tempdb.tb_tmp"|mysql -uroot -p123456 -s

3

[root@SZDB ~]# more shell_call_sql4.sh

#!/bin/bash

id=1

cmd="select count(*) from tempdb.tb_tmp where id=${id}"

cnt=$(mysql -uroot -p123456 -s -e "${cmd}")

echo "Current count is : ${cnt}"

exit 

[root@SZDB ~]# ./shell_call_sql4.sh 

Current count is : 1

#以上脚本演示中,作抛砖引玉只用,对于输出的结果不是很规整友好,需要进一步改善和提高。


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